As we mentioned in a previous article, although in principle only Spaniards of origin are children of Spaniards, there are some exceptions, in which a child of foreigners born in Spain can also be Spanish of origin.
We speak of one of the cases foreseen in the article in 17.c of the Civil Code, specifically when the legislation of any of the foreign parents attributes a nationality to the child. Therefore, we must review each specific case, as we indicate below.
-If both parents are Argentine, the child will have Spanish nationality. In effect, Argentina’s legislation does not automatically grant Argentine nationality to the children of its citizens who are born abroad, but also the child would have to comply with other requirements, in accordance with Law 346, through the so-called procedure of option.
-If only one parent is Argentine, it will depend on whether the legislation of the other parent attributes a nationality to the minor or not: Thus, it will be Spanish if the other father or mother is Brazilian, Colombian, Costa Rican, Cuban, Paraguayan, Peruvian, Uruguayan, or Venezuelan.
It will not be Spanish if the other parent is Bolivian, Chilean, Dominican, Ecuadorian (in this case only if the child was born after 20.10.2008), Nicaraguan or Salvadoran. In all these cases, he would have, in principle, the nationality of the non-Argentine father.
As of the entry into force of the reform of the Bolivian Constitution (07.02.2009), and specifically by the new wording of its article 141, it is enough for the mother or father of the child born abroad to be Bolivian so that the latter automatically have the Bolivian nationality. Therefore, the child born in Spain whose parents are both Bolivians, or only one of them Bolivian, does not have Spanish nationality, unless he was born before 07.02.2009.
-If both parents are Brazilian, the child will have Spanish nationality. In effect, Brazilian legislation does not automatically grant Brazilian citizenship to the children of its citizens who are born abroad.
-If only one parent is Brazilian, it will depend on whether the legislation of the other parent attributes a nationality to the minor or not: Thus, it will be Spanish if the other father or mother is Argentine, Colombian, Costa Rican, Cuban, Paraguayan, Peruvian, Uruguayan or Venezuelan.
It will not be Spanish if the other parent is Bolivian, Chilean, Dominican, Ecuadorian (in this case only if the child was born after 20.10.2008), Nicaraguan or Salvadoran. In all these cases, he would have, in principle, the nationality of the non-Brazilian father.
Since the reform of the Chilean Constitution, through Law nº 20.050, D.O. of August 26, 2005, which modified, among others, Article 10 of that, specifically referring to nationality, it is enough for the mother or father of the child born abroad to be Chilean so that he or she automatically has Chilean nationality.
Therefore, the child born in Spain whose parents are both Chilean, or only one of them Chilean, does not have Spanish nationality, unless it was born before 26.08.2005.
-If both parents are Colombian, the child will have Spanish nationality. In effect, the Colombian legislation does not automatically grant Colombian citizenship to the children of its citizens who are born abroad.
-If only one parent is Colombian, it will depend on whether the legislation of the other parent attributes a nationality to the minor or not:
-So, it will be Spanish if the other father or mother is Argentine, Brazilian, Costa Rican, Cuban, Paraguayan, Peruvian, Uruguayan or Venezuelan.
-It will not be Spanish if the other parent is Bolivian, Chilean, Dominican, Ecuadorian (in this case only if the child was born after 20.10.2008), Nicaraguan or Salvadoran. In all these cases he would have, in principle, the nationality of the non-Colombian father.
-If both parents are Cuban, the boy or girl will have Spanish nationality. In effect, the legislation of Cuba does not automatically grant Cuban citizenship to the children of its citizens who are born abroad.
-If only one parent is Cuban, it will depend on whether the legislation of the other parent attributes a nationality to the minor or not: Thus, it will be Spanish if the other father or mother is Argentine, Brazilian, Costa Rican, Colombian, Paraguayan, Peruvian, Uruguayan or Venezuelan. It will not be Spanish if the other parent is Bolivian, Chilean, Dominican, Ecuadorian (in this case only if the child was born after 20.10.2008), Nicaraguan or Salvadoran.
In all these cases he would have, in principle, the nationality of the non-Colombian father.
In this case, it is enough for the mother or father of the child born abroad to be Dominican so that he or she automatically has Dominican nationality.
Therefore, the child born in Spain whose parents are both Dominicans, or only one of them Dominican (regardless of the nationality of the other parent), does not have the Spanish nationality.
After the amendment to the Constitution Ecuadorian, of October 20, 2008, it is enough for the mother or father of the child born abroad to be Ecuadorian so that he or she automatically has the Ecuadorian nationality.
Therefore, the child born in Spain whose parents are both Ecuadorians, or only one Ecuadorian, does not have Spanish nationality, unless born before 20.10.2008.
-If both parents are Paraguayan , the child will have Spanish nationality.
In effect, Paraguayan legislation does not automatically grant Paraguayan citizenship to the children of its citizens who are born abroad, but the child would also have to comply with another requirement, that of permanently filing in Paraguay, in accordance with which requires article 146, numeral 3, of the Constitution in force since 1992.-If a single parent is Paraguayan, it will depend on whether the legislation of the other parent attributes a nationality to the child or not: Thus, it will be Spanish if the other parent is Argentine, Brazilian, Colombian, Costa Rican, Cuban, Peruvian, Uruguayan or Venezuelan.
It will not be Spanish if the other parent is Bolivian, Chilean, Dominican, Ecuadorian (in this case only if the child was born after 20.10.2008), Nicaraguan or Salvadoran.
In all these cases, he would have, in principle, the nationality of the non-Paraguayan father.
-If both parents are Peruvian, the boy or girl will have Spanish nationality. In effect, Peru’s legislation does not automatically grant Peruvian nationality to the children of its citizens who are born abroad, but also the child would have to comply with another requirement, such as the subsequent residence on Peruvian soil.
-If only one parent is Peruvian, it will depend on whether the legislation of the other parent attributes a nationality to the child or not: Thus, it will be Spanish if the other parent is Argentine, Brazilian, Colombian, Costa Rican, Cuban, Paraguayan, Uruguayan or Venezuelan. the other parent is Bolivian, Chilean, Dominican, Ecuadorian (in this case only if the child was born after 20.10.2008), Nicaraguan or Salvadoran.
In all these cases, he would have, in principle, the nationality of the non-Peruvian father.
-If both parents are Uruguayan, the boy or girl will have Spanish nationality. In effect, the legislation of Uruguay does not automatically grant Paraguayan nationality to the children of its citizens who are born abroad, but the child would also have to comply with another requirement, in accordance with what is required by article 74 of the Constitution in agreement with Law 16,021 of said country.
-If a single parent is Uruguayan, it will depend on whether the legislation of the other parent attributes a nationality to the child or not: Thus, it will be Spanish if the other parent is Argentine, Brazilian, Colombian, Costa Rican, Cuban, Paraguayan, Peruvian or Venezuelan.
It will not be Spanish if the other parent is Bolivian, Chilean, Dominican, Ecuadorian (in this case only if the child was born after 20.10.2008), Nicaraguan or Salvadoran. In all these cases, he would have, in principle, the nationality of the non-Uruguayan father.
-If both parents are Venezuelan, in accordance with article 32.2 of the Constitution in force since 20.12.1999, the child born in the foreigner is also.
-If a single parent is Venezuelan, according to articles 32.3 and 32.4 of the aforementioned Constitution, it will depend on whether the legislation of the other parent attributes a nationality to the minor or not: Thus, it will be Spanish if the other father or mother is Argentine, Brazilian, Colombian, Costa Rican, Cuban, Paraguayan, Peruvian or Uruguayan.
It will not be Spanish if the other parent is Bolivian, Chilean, Dominican, Ecuadorian (in this case only if the child was born after 20.10.2008) , Nicaraguan or Salvadoran. In all these cases he would have, in principle, the nationality of the non-Venezuelan father.
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Ver comentarios
Hola soy peruana y mi esposo venezolano en noviembre del 2015 tuvimos una bebe en.barcelona espa#a ambos estamos irregulares se ppdria solicitar la nacionalidad de la ni#a?
Hola, Daisy.
Efectivamente, se puede solicitar la nacionalidad española de tu bebé. Saludos.
Hola tengo una niña que nacio en el 2015 en fuenlabrada madrid, nosotros sus padres somos peruanos y por nada le quisieron dar nacionalidad española, no entiendo porque si segun tu ejemplo de casos si le corresponderia me podrias explicar porfvor, muchas gracias
Hola, Lisset. Sería cuestión de intentar los recursos legales correspondientes contra la denegación de nacionalidad. Un saludo.
Hola soy venezolana y mi esposo también tengo un bebé qe tipo de documento le sale ya que yo no tengo nacionalidad española
Si padre y madre tienen la nacionalidad venezolana, el niño es venezolano, aunque haya nacido en España. Por ahora, puedes pedirle un permiso de residencia inicial, simplemente con el certificado de nacimiento.
Un saludo.
Hola, tengo un hijo nacido en españa en 2008, amobos padres somos venezolanos mas el niño se registro en españa y contamos con el libro de familia, existe alguna posibilidad de que el niño opte por la nacionalidad española?
Hola, Eleazar. Si el niño tiene actualmente residencia legal y continuada de más de un año, puede pedir la nacionalidad por residencia.
Saludos.
Saludos yo soy venezolana y mi esposo Rumano nuestro hijo nacerá pronto estamos en españa ambos legales y residenciados, casados y todo en regla, que nacionalidad tendría nuestro hijo y que debemos hacer?
Hola, Cristal. Según tengo entendido, conforme a la legislación rumana, basta que uno sólo de los padres tenga dicha nacionalidad, para que el hijo se considere rumano. Por ello, no le correspondería la nacionalidad española aunque haya nacido en España. Un saludo.
Hola buenos dias, mi hijo es Venezolano de nacimiento pero con ciudadania Italiana y su esposa es venezolana. SI el niño nace en España sigue siendo venezolano o le corresponderia la española ?. Gracias
Hola, Francisco.
Si su hijo tiene doble nacionalidad venezolana-italiana, y la esposa de él tiene nacionalidad venezolana, el niño será venezolano o italiano (entiendo que Italia también acepta la doble nacionalidad), pero no español aunque nazca en España.
Un saludo
Muchisimas gracias Romulo,muy gentil.
Hola si mi esposa es venezolana y yo soy venezolano-Colombiano y mi hijo nace en españa. Puede tnwner nacionalidad Española?
Hola, Juan.
No, si ambos tienen la nacionalidad venezolana, el niño es venezolano.
Un saludo.
Hola yo soy argentina italiana y mi marido brasilero. Nos casamos el año pasado aqui en españa . yo con mi documentaciom argentina . este año temdremos un hijo. Podemos pedir la nacionalidad española o le tocara italiana? Gracias
Hola, Natalia. Si no figuras como italiana frente a las autoridades españolas, podrías solicitar la nacionalidad española para tu hijo nacido en España. Un saludo.
hola yo soy venezolana mi pareja venezolano con ciudadania española mi hijo nacio en venezuela y tambien tiene ciudadania española el y yo no estamos casados estamos en españa desde hace 4 meses tengo yo posibilidad de solicitar algun permiso de residencia o documentacion a traves de mi hijo ya español y con dni
Hola, Katty. Sí, y a través de tu pareja en principio también. Sería mejor conversarlo detenidamente para explicarte en detalle. Mis datos están en la página de contacto. Un saludo.
hola, mi hijo nacio en españa en 2008, ambos padres somos venezolanos pero nacio en españa por razones de estudios de mi esposa (residencia por estudios). actualmente residimos en venezuela. el niño si vino de tres meses, que debo hacer para que mi hijo obtenga la nacionalidad española?
Hola, Eleazar. Al ser ambos progenitores venezolanos, el niño es venezolano aunque haya nacido en España. Puede obtener la nacionalidad por residencia si reside legalmente en España al menos un año. Un saludo.